Structural steel welding is necessary for joining steel components, this is achieved by using heating, pressure or an electric arc to melt a small portion of the metal at the point of contact causing the metal to fuse.
Welding allows steel pieces to be joined together to create larger structures. Welders need to be experienced in various welding positions. Welding requires following proper saferty measures because of hot metal, heat, sparks, flashes, fumes and UV radiation.
Welds need to meet quality standards which include weld size, deepness of the weld and to make sure there are no defects like cracking or slag.
The Australian standards for structural steel welding are: AS/NZS 1554
The standard covers areas of welding procedures, qualifications, inspection and quality. It also ensures that welding operation adhere to strict safety and quality guidelines to maintain structural integrity.
Selecting the appropriate welding method is essential for strength and durability of structural steel components. Various welding techniques are suited to different applications and site conditions.
Common welding methods for structural steel
MIG Welding (Gas Metal Arc Welding)
MIG (Metal Inert Gas) welding is generally used for versatility and efficiency. It involves and continous solid wire through a welding gun, which melts and joins the base materials. An arc is formed between the wire electrode and base metal. Useful for indoor fabrication of components.
Stick Welding (Fluxed-Core Arc Welding)
Stick welding utilises a electrode coated rod to create the weld, the rod is tapped against where the work needs to be done creating an arc. Great for outdoor applications and thicker materials. Suitable for onsite structural steel welding where conditions are less controlled.
TIG Welding (Gas Tungsten Arc Welding)
TIG welding is suitable for thinner components. Great for jobs where precision and constrol of hear input are needed like thin or high quality welds. TIG does not produce splatter. Can be used on mild steel and stainless steel.
Each welding technique has specific applications and advantages. It depends on various factors of the job and what may be needed at the time.